Thursday, October 4, 2012

Fantasy Tropes: Science Fantasy

From my MLA 2012 Fantasy presentation


Science Fantasy
·       Science fiction can be described as a subset of the fantastical, just with rationality, a.k.a. science. It too is filled with elements that are not part of our reality, like aliens and interstellar travel, although the balance ratio of improbability to impossibility certainly tilts much further towards improbability in science fiction than it does in fantasy. And for many elements are just a matter of time until they become reality. However the border between science fiction and fantasy is fuzzy enough to create difficulties with categorization. Science fantasy denotes stories in that gray area. where characteristics of both are present.
·       Sometimes it’s not a matter of what elements are used but how they are worked with.  The irrational, by its very nature is mysterious and ceases to be irrational when it is described in scientific or technological terms.  If a character can read minds, it might be magic if they cast a spell to do so, like in Harry Potter, but not magic if the author puts forth the premise that telepathy is caused by a part of the brain that most people can’t access, like in Anne McCaffrey’s Talents universe.  It’s becoming increasingly unreliable to try and define a genre by its elements or tropes, beyond a few basics.  It’s often much more revealing to examine how the author uses those elements and what effect she hopes to gain from them.  This is especially true with such closely intertwined genres as fantasy, science fiction, and horror. 
·       How important is it to categorize?  As long as it’s a good story, do we care? Maybe better to use specific story elements or a feel when doing RA. 
·       Darkover by Marion Zimmer Bradley
o      Uses a number of Fantasy themes – psi powers advanced to the point of working like magic.
o      However treated almost scientifically with natural laws, experiments, and repeated results.
o      Feudal societies – lords, serfs, castles, swords, etc.
o      Traditional gender roles.
o      Lost colony.
o      The wider galactic civilization comes more and more into play as the series timeline advances.
o      Depends on the book as to whether it reads more like SF or F.  Books about the society’s “lost” years are much more fantasy-like. 
o      I categorize it as SF because of the Lost Colony aspect and the incontrovertible evidence of it being part of a larger galactic community.  All of her “magic” is recognizable as some sort of science, even is some of it is (currently) considered pseudo-science.  However, if my first exposure was “Stormqueen” from the Ages of Chaos, I might very well go Fantasy.
·       Wrinkle in Time by Madeline L’Engle
o      Dragons
o      Not very explicit in scientific explanations.
o      Mrs. Whatsit, Mrs. Who, & Mrs. Which read as witch-like
o      Travel to different planets.
o      Father is a scientist and they use science to travel.
o      I would label this SF because it has a high-tech feel. 
·       Warlock in Spite of Himself by Christopher Stasheff – first in the Wizard of Gramarye Series
o      Lost colony – you know this from the very beginning.  The main character – the “Wizard” is out searching for lost colonies.
o      All the magic is explained away as psi powers – which while pseudo-science is not entirely outside the realm of science, especially in SF.
·       Dragon Rises by Adrienne Martine-Barnes.
o      Strong Arthurian themes – main characters, including the POV characters, are incorporeal beings who keep being reincarnated to play the same roles again and again.  Including as Arthur, Gwenevere, and Lancelot. Fantasy.
o      However, the action is all SF.  Spaceships, space battles, different planets, alien species.  Science. Very techie.
o      The SF is all window-dressing for the drama being played out by the incorporeal beings.  And that window dressing has changed before and might very well change again.  

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